Articles – Navalapp

<img width="640" height="360" src="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/11/Catamaran_foils-1024x576.jpeg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="Catamaran with foils" decoding="async" sizes="(max-width:768px) 768px, (max-width:1024px) 1024px, 1024px" fetchpriority="high" srcset="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/11/Catamaran_foils-1024x576.jpeg 1024w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/11/Catamaran_foils-300x169.jpeg 300w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/11/Catamaran_foils-768x432.jpeg 768w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/11/Catamaran_foils-1080x608.jpeg 1080w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/11/Catamaran_foils-624x351.jpeg 624w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/11/Catamaran_foils-600x338.jpeg 600w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/11/Catamaran_foils.jpeg 1240w" />

Catamaran with foils

Considerations about the design of a sailboat

<img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/114/61964d8026f6a-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/114/61964d8026f6a-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/114/61964d8026f6a-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/114/61964d8026f6a-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/114/61964d8026f6a-bpthumb.jpg' srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/114/61964d8026f6a-bpthumb.jpg 2x' class='avatar avatar-80 photo' height='80' width='80' />

Markku Hentinen

Topics: Advanced | Boat / Yacht | Design | Markku Hentinen | Performance

<img width="640" height="361" src="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/11/sailing_in_a_gale_3-1024x578.jpeg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="Sailing yacht going before storm." decoding="async" sizes="(max-width:768px) 768px, (max-width:1024px) 1024px, 1024px" srcset="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/11/sailing_in_a_gale_3-1024x578.jpeg 1024w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/11/sailing_in_a_gale_3-300x169.jpeg 300w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/11/sailing_in_a_gale_3-768x434.jpeg 768w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/11/sailing_in_a_gale_3-1080x610.jpeg 1080w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/11/sailing_in_a_gale_3-624x352.jpeg 624w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/11/sailing_in_a_gale_3-600x339.jpeg 600w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/11/sailing_in_a_gale_3.jpeg 1240w" />

Sailing yacht going before storm.

Performance aspects at different points of sailing

<img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/114/61964d8026f6a-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/114/61964d8026f6a-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/114/61964d8026f6a-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/114/61964d8026f6a-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/114/61964d8026f6a-bpthumb.jpg' srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/114/61964d8026f6a-bpthumb.jpg 2x' class='avatar avatar-80 photo' height='80' width='80' />

Markku Hentinen

Topics: Advanced | Boat / Yacht | Design | Markku Hentinen | Performance | Requirements | Sailing

<img width="640" height="361" src="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/09/sailboats_sailing_spi-1024x578.jpeg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="Dynamic team struggle to the regatta sailing ship" decoding="async" sizes="(max-width:768px) 768px, (max-width:1024px) 1024px, 1024px" srcset="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/09/sailboats_sailing_spi-1024x578.jpeg 1024w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/09/sailboats_sailing_spi-600x339.jpeg 600w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/09/sailboats_sailing_spi-300x169.jpeg 300w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/09/sailboats_sailing_spi-768x434.jpeg 768w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/09/sailboats_sailing_spi-1080x610.jpeg 1080w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/09/sailboats_sailing_spi-624x352.jpeg 624w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/09/sailboats_sailing_spi.jpeg 1240w" />

Dynamic team struggle to the regatta sailing ship

Understanding the boundary layer

<img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' class='avatar avatar-80 photo' height='80' width='80' />

Topics: Aero - Hydro | Aerodynamics | Hydrodynamics | Pablo Sopelana

<img width="640" height="361" src="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/09/sailing_yacht_beating_upwind-1024x578.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="Sailing yacht beating upwind" decoding="async" sizes="(max-width:768px) 768px, (max-width:1024px) 1024px, 1024px" srcset="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/09/sailing_yacht_beating_upwind-1024x578.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/09/sailing_yacht_beating_upwind-600x339.jpg 600w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/09/sailing_yacht_beating_upwind-300x169.jpg 300w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/09/sailing_yacht_beating_upwind-768x434.jpg 768w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/09/sailing_yacht_beating_upwind-1080x610.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/09/sailing_yacht_beating_upwind-624x352.jpg 624w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/09/sailing_yacht_beating_upwind.jpg 1240w" />

Sailing yacht beating upwind

Bernoulli’s principle

<img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' 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data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' class='avatar avatar-80 photo' height='80' width='80' />

Topics: Aero - Hydro | Aerodynamics | Hydrodynamics | Pablo Sopelana

<img width="640" height="365" src="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/09/sailing_yachts_racing-1024x584.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" sizes="(max-width:768px) 768px, (max-width:1024px) 1024px, 1024px" srcset="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/09/sailing_yachts_racing-1024x584.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/09/sailing_yachts_racing-600x342.jpg 600w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/09/sailing_yachts_racing-300x171.jpg 300w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/09/sailing_yachts_racing-768x438.jpg 768w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/09/sailing_yachts_racing-1080x616.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/09/sailing_yachts_racing-624x356.jpg 624w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/09/sailing_yachts_racing.jpg 1238w" />

Flows in sailing

<img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' 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data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' class='avatar avatar-80 photo' height='80' width='80' />

Topics: Aero - Hydro | Aerodynamics | Hydrodynamics | Pablo Sopelana | Pro

<img width="640" height="360" src="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2022/11/sails_measurement_1-1024x576.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" sizes="(max-width:768px) 768px, (max-width:1024px) 1024px, 1024px" srcset="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2022/11/sails_measurement_1-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2022/11/sails_measurement_1-300x169.jpg 300w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2022/11/sails_measurement_1-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2022/11/sails_measurement_1-1080x608.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2022/11/sails_measurement_1-624x351.jpg 624w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2022/11/sails_measurement_1-600x338.jpg 600w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2022/11/sails_measurement_1.jpg 1240w" />

International Measurement System: Sails

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src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' 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data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' class='avatar avatar-80 photo' height='80' width='80' />

Topics: Geometry | IMS | ORC | Pablo Sopelana | Parameters | Rating | Sails

<img width="640" height="378" src="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/06/sailing_boat_from_bow_1-1024x604.jpeg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" sizes="(max-width:768px) 768px, (max-width:1024px) 1024px, 1024px" srcset="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/06/sailing_boat_from_bow_1-1024x604.jpeg 1024w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/06/sailing_boat_from_bow_1-600x354.jpeg 600w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/06/sailing_boat_from_bow_1-300x177.jpeg 300w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/06/sailing_boat_from_bow_1-768x453.jpeg 768w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/06/sailing_boat_from_bow_1-1080x637.jpeg 1080w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/06/sailing_boat_from_bow_1-624x368.jpeg 624w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/06/sailing_boat_from_bow_1.jpeg 1200w" />

Challenges in sailboat design

<img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/114/61964d8026f6a-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/114/61964d8026f6a-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/114/61964d8026f6a-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/114/61964d8026f6a-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/114/61964d8026f6a-bpthumb.jpg' srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/114/61964d8026f6a-bpthumb.jpg 2x' class='avatar avatar-80 photo' height='80' width='80' />

Markku Hentinen

Topics: Advanced | Boat / Yacht | Design | Markku Hentinen | Resistance

<img width="640" height="373" src="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/06/sailing_yachts_following_each_other_racing-1024x597.jpeg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="Sailing yacht race. Yachting sport" decoding="async" sizes="(max-width:768px) 768px, (max-width:1024px) 1024px, 1024px" srcset="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/06/sailing_yachts_following_each_other_racing-1024x597.jpeg 1024w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/06/sailing_yachts_following_each_other_racing-600x350.jpeg 600w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/06/sailing_yachts_following_each_other_racing-300x175.jpeg 300w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/06/sailing_yachts_following_each_other_racing-768x448.jpeg 768w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/06/sailing_yachts_following_each_other_racing-1080x630.jpeg 1080w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/06/sailing_yachts_following_each_other_racing-624x364.jpeg 624w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/06/sailing_yachts_following_each_other_racing.jpeg 1200w" />

Sailing yacht race. Yachting sport

Added resistance in waves: “Pinkster” solver versus “Keuning 2006” comparison

<img alt='' src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/490/60c7486fa227a-bpthumb.jpg' srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/490/60c7486fa227a-bpthumb.jpg 2x' class='avatar avatar-80 photo' height='80' width='80' />

Jean-François Masset

Topics: Added resistance | Boat / Yacht | Hydrodynamics | Pro | Waves

<img width="640" height="320" src="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/04/Wind_sea_waves-1024x512.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="Wind sea waves" decoding="async" sizes="(max-width:768px) 768px, (max-width:1024px) 1024px, 1024px" srcset="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/04/Wind_sea_waves-1024x512.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/04/Wind_sea_waves-600x300.jpg 600w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/04/Wind_sea_waves-300x150.jpg 300w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/04/Wind_sea_waves-768x384.jpg 768w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/04/Wind_sea_waves-1536x768.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/04/Wind_sea_waves-1080x540.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/04/Wind_sea_waves-624x312.jpg 624w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/04/Wind_sea_waves.jpg 2048w" />

Wind sea waves

Sea state and wave forecasting

<img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' 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data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' class='avatar avatar-80 photo' height='80' width='80' />

Topics: Environment | Ocean | Pablo Sopelana | Pro | Waves | Wind

<img width="640" height="320" src="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/04/Wind_generated_waves_swell-1024x512.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="Long Period Swell Approaching Coastline" decoding="async" sizes="(max-width:768px) 768px, (max-width:1024px) 1024px, 1024px" srcset="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/04/Wind_generated_waves_swell-1024x512.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/04/Wind_generated_waves_swell-600x300.jpg 600w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/04/Wind_generated_waves_swell-300x150.jpg 300w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/04/Wind_generated_waves_swell-768x384.jpg 768w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/04/Wind_generated_waves_swell-1536x768.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/04/Wind_generated_waves_swell-1080x540.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/04/Wind_generated_waves_swell-624x312.jpg 624w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/04/Wind_generated_waves_swell.jpg 2048w" />

Long Period Swell Approaching Coastline

Wind-generated sea waves

<img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' class='avatar avatar-80 photo' height='80' width='80' />

Topics: Advanced | Environment | Ocean | Pablo Sopelana | Waves | Wind

<img width="640" height="320" src="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/12/fin_keel_rudder_header-1024x512.jpeg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" sizes="(max-width:768px) 768px, (max-width:1024px) 1024px, 1024px" srcset="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/12/fin_keel_rudder_header-1024x512.jpeg 1024w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/12/fin_keel_rudder_header-600x300.jpeg 600w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/12/fin_keel_rudder_header-300x150.jpeg 300w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/12/fin_keel_rudder_header-768x384.jpeg 768w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/12/fin_keel_rudder_header-1536x768.jpeg 1536w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/12/fin_keel_rudder_header-1080x540.jpeg 1080w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/12/fin_keel_rudder_header-624x312.jpeg 624w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/12/fin_keel_rudder_header.jpeg 2048w" />

Hull appendages, planforms, and wing sections: what are they?

<img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' class='avatar avatar-80 photo' height='80' width='80' />

Topics: Appendages | Geometry | Keel | Pablo Sopelana | Rudder

<img width="640" height="389" src="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/12/Super-sailing-yacht-1024x622.jpeg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="Sailing at Mediterranean Sea. Super sailing yacht. The Superyacht Cup Palma" decoding="async" sizes="(max-width:768px) 768px, (max-width:1024px) 1024px, 1024px" srcset="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/12/Super-sailing-yacht-1024x622.jpeg 1024w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/12/Super-sailing-yacht-600x364.jpeg 600w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/12/Super-sailing-yacht-300x182.jpeg 300w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/12/Super-sailing-yacht-768x467.jpeg 768w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/12/Super-sailing-yacht-1536x933.jpeg 1536w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/12/Super-sailing-yacht-1080x656.jpeg 1080w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/12/Super-sailing-yacht-624x379.jpeg 624w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/12/Super-sailing-yacht.jpeg 2048w" />

Sailing at Mediterranean Sea. Super sailing yacht. The Superyacht Cup Palma

Wind triangle

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src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' class='avatar avatar-80 photo' height='80' width='80' />

Topics: Aerodynamics | Basics | Pablo Sopelana | Sailing | Wind

<img width="640" height="320" src="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/12/sailing_yacht_from_above_dead_run-1024x512.jpeg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" sizes="(max-width:768px) 768px, (max-width:1024px) 1024px, 1024px" srcset="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/12/sailing_yacht_from_above_dead_run-1024x512.jpeg 1024w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/12/sailing_yacht_from_above_dead_run-600x300.jpeg 600w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/12/sailing_yacht_from_above_dead_run-300x150.jpeg 300w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/12/sailing_yacht_from_above_dead_run-768x384.jpeg 768w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/12/sailing_yacht_from_above_dead_run-1536x768.jpeg 1536w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/12/sailing_yacht_from_above_dead_run-1080x540.jpeg 1080w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/12/sailing_yacht_from_above_dead_run-624x312.jpeg 624w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/12/sailing_yacht_from_above_dead_run.jpeg 2048w" />

Points of sail

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src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' 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src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' class='avatar avatar-80 photo' height='80' width='80' />

Topics: Basics | Pablo Sopelana | Sailing | Wind

<img width="640" height="320" src="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/11/sailing_yacht_reaching_3-1024x512.jpeg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="Sailing yacht reaching" decoding="async" sizes="(max-width:768px) 768px, (max-width:1024px) 1024px, 1024px" srcset="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/11/sailing_yacht_reaching_3-1024x512.jpeg 1024w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/11/sailing_yacht_reaching_3-600x300.jpeg 600w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/11/sailing_yacht_reaching_3-300x150.jpeg 300w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/11/sailing_yacht_reaching_3-768x384.jpeg 768w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/11/sailing_yacht_reaching_3-1536x767.jpeg 1536w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/11/sailing_yacht_reaching_3-1080x539.jpeg 1080w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/11/sailing_yacht_reaching_3-624x312.jpeg 624w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/11/sailing_yacht_reaching_3.jpeg 2048w" />

Sailing yacht reaching

What the hydrodynamic resistance is and why it matters

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src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' 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src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' class='avatar avatar-80 photo' height='80' width='80' />

Topics: Added resistance | Frictional resistance | Hydrodynamics | Lift-induced drag | Pablo Sopelana | Residuary resistance | Resistance | Wave-making resistance

<img width="640" height="320" src="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/10/air_water_interface-1024x512.jpeg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="The air-water interface" decoding="async" sizes="(max-width:768px) 768px, (max-width:1024px) 1024px, 1024px" srcset="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/10/air_water_interface-1024x512.jpeg 1024w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/10/air_water_interface-600x300.jpeg 600w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/10/air_water_interface-300x150.jpeg 300w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/10/air_water_interface-768x384.jpeg 768w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/10/air_water_interface-1536x768.jpeg 1536w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/10/air_water_interface-1080x540.jpeg 1080w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/10/air_water_interface-624x312.jpeg 624w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/10/air_water_interface.jpeg 2048w" />

The air-water interface

The air-water interface

<img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' class='avatar avatar-80 photo' height='80' width='80' />

Topics: Environment | Ocean | Pablo Sopelana | Waves | Wind

<img width="640" height="426" src="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/10/surface_waves-1024x682.jpeg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="Surface waves. Aerial view to tropical sandy beach and blue ocean. Top view of ocean waves reaching shore on sunny day. Palawan, Philippines." decoding="async" sizes="(max-width:768px) 768px, (max-width:1024px) 1024px, 1024px" srcset="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/10/surface_waves-1024x682.jpeg 1024w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/10/surface_waves-600x400.jpeg 600w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/10/surface_waves-300x200.jpeg 300w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/10/surface_waves-768x512.jpeg 768w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/10/surface_waves-1536x1023.jpeg 1536w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/10/surface_waves-1080x719.jpeg 1080w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/10/surface_waves-624x416.jpeg 624w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/10/surface_waves.jpeg 2048w" />

Surface waves. Aerial view to tropical sandy beach and blue ocean. Top view of ocean waves reaching shore on sunny day. Palawan, Philippines.

Surface waves

<img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' class='avatar avatar-80 photo' height='80' width='80' />

Topics: Environment | Ocean | Pablo Sopelana | Waves | Wind

<img width="640" height="427" src="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/10/test-tank.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="Hull model being tested in a test tank." decoding="async" sizes="(max-width:768px) 768px, (max-width:1024px) 1024px, 1024px" srcset="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/10/test-tank.jpg 1000w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/10/test-tank-600x400.jpg 600w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/10/test-tank-300x200.jpg 300w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/10/test-tank-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/10/test-tank-624x416.jpg 624w" />

Hull model being tested in a test tank.

What is the Froude number?

<img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' class='avatar avatar-80 photo' height='80' width='80' />

Topics: Hull | Hydrodynamics | Pablo Sopelana | Resistance | Wave-making resistance

<img width="640" height="399" src="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/10/Schooner_USA-1024x638.jpeg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="Schooner sails over the ocean waves in the bay near a harbor." decoding="async" sizes="(max-width:768px) 768px, (max-width:1024px) 1024px, 1024px" srcset="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/10/Schooner_USA-1024x638.jpeg 1024w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/10/Schooner_USA-600x374.jpeg 600w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/10/Schooner_USA-300x187.jpeg 300w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/10/Schooner_USA-768x478.jpeg 768w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/10/Schooner_USA-1536x957.jpeg 1536w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/10/Schooner_USA-400x250.jpeg 400w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/10/Schooner_USA-1080x673.jpeg 1080w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/10/Schooner_USA-624x389.jpeg 624w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/10/Schooner_USA.jpeg 2047w" />

Schooner sails over the ocean waves in the bay near a harbor.

The evolution of hull and keel forms – Part 2

<img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' class='avatar avatar-80 photo' height='80' width='80' />

Topics: Appendages | Geometry | History | Hull | Keel | Pablo Sopelana | Pro

<img width="640" height="398" src="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/09/classic-pilot-cutter-1024x637.jpeg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="Classic pilot cutter sailing" decoding="async" sizes="(max-width:768px) 768px, (max-width:1024px) 1024px, 1024px" srcset="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/09/classic-pilot-cutter-1024x637.jpeg 1024w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/09/classic-pilot-cutter-600x373.jpeg 600w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/09/classic-pilot-cutter-300x187.jpeg 300w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/09/classic-pilot-cutter-768x478.jpeg 768w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/09/classic-pilot-cutter-1536x956.jpeg 1536w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/09/classic-pilot-cutter-400x250.jpeg 400w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/09/classic-pilot-cutter-1080x672.jpeg 1080w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/09/classic-pilot-cutter-624x388.jpeg 624w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/09/classic-pilot-cutter.jpeg 2048w" />

Classic pilot cutter sailing

The evolution of hull and keel forms – Part 1

<img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' class='avatar avatar-80 photo' height='80' width='80' />

Topics: Appendages | Geometry | History | Hull | Keel | Pablo Sopelana | Pro

<img width="640" height="428" src="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/09/sailing_yacht_deck-1-1024x684.jpeg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="Sail boat under the storm, detail on the winch" decoding="async" sizes="(max-width:768px) 768px, (max-width:1024px) 1024px, 1024px" srcset="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/09/sailing_yacht_deck-1-1024x684.jpeg 1024w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/09/sailing_yacht_deck-1-600x400.jpeg 600w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/09/sailing_yacht_deck-1-300x200.jpeg 300w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/09/sailing_yacht_deck-1-768x513.jpeg 768w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/09/sailing_yacht_deck-1-1536x1025.jpeg 1536w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/09/sailing_yacht_deck-1-1080x721.jpeg 1080w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/09/sailing_yacht_deck-1-624x417.jpeg 624w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2020/09/sailing_yacht_deck-1.jpeg 2048w" />

Sail boat under the storm, detail on the winch

The lines drawing: what it is and how to read it

<img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/78/645e5dfdf1a99-bpthumb.jpg' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' 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Topics: Design | Geometry | Hull | Pablo Sopelana