Advanced – Navalapp

Wings calculations

Unswept Wings: coefficients and forces (calculation)

Calculation template How does it work? This calculation template uses Prandtl’s classical Lifting-line Theory. All the results are available for angles of attack from 0…

<img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' class='avatar avatar-80 photo' height='80' width='80' />

Topics: Advanced | Aero - Hydro | Calculations | Lift | Lift-induced drag | Wings

Boat Yacht Calculation

<img width="640" height="336" alt="Boat Yacht Calculation" data-srcset="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/yacht-1024x537.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/yacht-300x157.jpg 300w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/yacht-768x402.jpg 768w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/yacht-1080x566.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/yacht-624x327.jpg 624w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/yacht.jpg 1145w" data-src="https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/2021/03/yacht-1024x537.jpg" data-sizes="(max-width:768px) 768px, (max-width:1024px) 1024px, 1024px" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image lazyload" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" /><noscript><img width="640" height="336" src="https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/2021/03/yacht-1024x537.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="Boat Yacht Calculation" sizes="(max-width:768px) 768px, (max-width:1024px) 1024px, 1024px" srcset="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/yacht-1024x537.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/yacht-300x157.jpg 300w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/yacht-768x402.jpg 768w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/yacht-1080x566.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/yacht-624x327.jpg 624w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/yacht.jpg 1145w" />

Added resistance in waves of a yacht (calculation)

See also: Added resistance in waves knowing yacht’s radius of gyration (calculation). Added resistance in waves: Response Amplitude Operator (calculation). What the hydrodynamic resistance is…

<img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' class='avatar avatar-80 photo' height='80' width='80' />

Topics: Added resistance | Advanced | Boat / Yacht | Calculations | Hydrodynamics | Waves

Rudder Calculation

<img width="640" height="336" alt="Rudder Calculation" data-srcset="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/rudder-1024x537.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/rudder-300x157.jpg 300w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/rudder-768x402.jpg 768w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/rudder-1080x566.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/rudder-624x327.jpg 624w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/rudder.jpg 1145w" data-src="https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/2021/03/rudder-1024x537.jpg" data-sizes="(max-width:768px) 768px, (max-width:1024px) 1024px, 1024px" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image lazyload" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" /><noscript><img width="640" height="336" src="https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/2021/03/rudder-1024x537.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="Rudder Calculation" sizes="(max-width:768px) 768px, (max-width:1024px) 1024px, 1024px" srcset="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/rudder-1024x537.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/rudder-300x157.jpg 300w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/rudder-768x402.jpg 768w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/rudder-1080x566.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/rudder-624x327.jpg 624w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/rudder.jpg 1145w" />

Viscous resistance of the rudder (calculation)

Viscous resistance of the rudder (advanced calculation)

<img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' class='avatar avatar-80 photo' height='80' width='80' />

Topics: Advanced | Calculations | Hydrodynamics | Rudder | Viscous resistance

Rudder Calculation

<img width="640" height="336" alt="Rudder Calculation" data-srcset="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/rudder-1024x537.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/rudder-300x157.jpg 300w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/rudder-768x402.jpg 768w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/rudder-1080x566.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/rudder-624x327.jpg 624w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/rudder.jpg 1145w" data-src="https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/2021/03/rudder-1024x537.jpg" data-sizes="(max-width:768px) 768px, (max-width:1024px) 1024px, 1024px" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image lazyload" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" /><noscript><img width="640" height="336" src="https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/2021/03/rudder-1024x537.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="Rudder Calculation" sizes="(max-width:768px) 768px, (max-width:1024px) 1024px, 1024px" srcset="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/rudder-1024x537.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/rudder-300x157.jpg 300w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/rudder-768x402.jpg 768w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/rudder-1080x566.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/rudder-624x327.jpg 624w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/rudder.jpg 1145w" />

Pressure resistance of the rudder (calculation)

Pressure resistance of the rudder (advanced calculation)

<img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' class='avatar avatar-80 photo' height='80' width='80' />

Topics: Advanced | Calculations | Hydrodynamics | Pressure resistance | Rudder

Keel Calculation

<img width="640" height="336" alt="Keel Calculation" data-srcset="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-1024x537.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-300x157.jpg 300w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-768x402.jpg 768w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-1080x566.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-624x327.jpg 624w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel.jpg 1145w" data-src="https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/2021/03/keel-1024x537.jpg" data-sizes="(max-width:768px) 768px, (max-width:1024px) 1024px, 1024px" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image lazyload" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" /><noscript><img width="640" height="336" alt="Keel Calculation" data-srcset="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-1024x537.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-300x157.jpg 300w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-768x402.jpg 768w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-1080x566.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-624x327.jpg 624w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel.jpg 1145w" data-src="https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/2021/03/keel-1024x537.jpg" data-sizes="(max-width:768px) 768px, (max-width:1024px) 1024px, 1024px" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image lazyload" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" /><noscript><img width="640" height="336" src="https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/2021/03/keel-1024x537.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="Keel Calculation" sizes="(max-width:768px) 768px, (max-width:1024px) 1024px, 1024px" srcset="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-1024x537.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-300x157.jpg 300w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-768x402.jpg 768w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-1080x566.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-624x327.jpg 624w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel.jpg 1145w" />

Viscous resistance of the keel (calculation)

Viscous resistance of the keel (advanced calculation)

<img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' class='avatar avatar-80 photo' height='80' width='80' />

Topics: Advanced | Calculations | Hydrodynamics | Keel | Viscous resistance

Keel Calculation

<img width="640" height="336" alt="Keel Calculation" data-srcset="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-1024x537.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-300x157.jpg 300w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-768x402.jpg 768w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-1080x566.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-624x327.jpg 624w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel.jpg 1145w" data-src="https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/2021/03/keel-1024x537.jpg" data-sizes="(max-width:768px) 768px, (max-width:1024px) 1024px, 1024px" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image lazyload" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" /><noscript><img width="640" height="336" alt="Keel Calculation" data-srcset="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-1024x537.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-300x157.jpg 300w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-768x402.jpg 768w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-1080x566.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-624x327.jpg 624w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel.jpg 1145w" data-src="https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/2021/03/keel-1024x537.jpg" data-sizes="(max-width:768px) 768px, (max-width:1024px) 1024px, 1024px" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image lazyload" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" /><noscript><img width="640" height="336" src="https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/2021/03/keel-1024x537.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="Keel Calculation" sizes="(max-width:768px) 768px, (max-width:1024px) 1024px, 1024px" srcset="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-1024x537.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-300x157.jpg 300w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-768x402.jpg 768w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-1080x566.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-624x327.jpg 624w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel.jpg 1145w" />

Pressure resistance of the keel (calculation)

Form drag of the keel (advanced calculation)

<img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' class='avatar avatar-80 photo' height='80' width='80' />

Topics: Advanced | Calculations | Hydrodynamics | Keel | Pressure resistance

Keel Calculation

<img width="640" height="336" alt="Keel Calculation" data-srcset="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-1024x537.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-300x157.jpg 300w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-768x402.jpg 768w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-1080x566.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-624x327.jpg 624w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel.jpg 1145w" data-src="https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/2021/03/keel-1024x537.jpg" data-sizes="(max-width:768px) 768px, (max-width:1024px) 1024px, 1024px" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image lazyload" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" /><noscript><img width="640" height="336" alt="Keel Calculation" data-srcset="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-1024x537.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-300x157.jpg 300w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-768x402.jpg 768w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-1080x566.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-624x327.jpg 624w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel.jpg 1145w" data-src="https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/2021/03/keel-1024x537.jpg" data-sizes="(max-width:768px) 768px, (max-width:1024px) 1024px, 1024px" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image lazyload" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" /><noscript><img width="640" height="336" src="https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/2021/03/keel-1024x537.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="Keel Calculation" sizes="(max-width:768px) 768px, (max-width:1024px) 1024px, 1024px" srcset="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-1024x537.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-300x157.jpg 300w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-768x402.jpg 768w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-1080x566.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-624x327.jpg 624w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel.jpg 1145w" />

Frictional resistance of the keel (calculation)

Frictional resistance of the keel (advanced calculation)

<img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' class='avatar avatar-80 photo' height='80' width='80' />

Topics: Advanced | Calculations | Frictional resistance | Hydrodynamics | Keel

Rudder Calculation

<img width="640" height="336" alt="Rudder Calculation" data-srcset="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/rudder-1024x537.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/rudder-300x157.jpg 300w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/rudder-768x402.jpg 768w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/rudder-1080x566.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/rudder-624x327.jpg 624w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/rudder.jpg 1145w" data-src="https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/2021/03/rudder-1024x537.jpg" data-sizes="(max-width:768px) 768px, (max-width:1024px) 1024px, 1024px" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image lazyload" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" /><noscript><img width="640" height="336" src="https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/2021/03/rudder-1024x537.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="Rudder Calculation" sizes="(max-width:768px) 768px, (max-width:1024px) 1024px, 1024px" srcset="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/rudder-1024x537.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/rudder-300x157.jpg 300w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/rudder-768x402.jpg 768w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/rudder-1080x566.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/rudder-624x327.jpg 624w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/rudder.jpg 1145w" />

Frictional resistance of the rudder (calculation)

Frictional resistance of the rudder (advanced calculation)

<img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' class='avatar avatar-80 photo' height='80' width='80' />

Topics: Advanced | Calculations | Frictional resistance | Hydrodynamics | Rudder

Boat Yacht Calculation

<img width="640" height="336" alt="Boat Yacht Calculation" data-srcset="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/yacht-1024x537.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/yacht-300x157.jpg 300w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/yacht-768x402.jpg 768w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/yacht-1080x566.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/yacht-624x327.jpg 624w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/yacht.jpg 1145w" data-src="https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/2021/03/yacht-1024x537.jpg" data-sizes="(max-width:768px) 768px, (max-width:1024px) 1024px, 1024px" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image lazyload" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" /><noscript><img width="640" height="336" src="https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/2021/03/yacht-1024x537.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="Boat Yacht Calculation" sizes="(max-width:768px) 768px, (max-width:1024px) 1024px, 1024px" srcset="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/yacht-1024x537.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/yacht-300x157.jpg 300w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/yacht-768x402.jpg 768w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/yacht-1080x566.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/yacht-624x327.jpg 624w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/yacht.jpg 1145w" />

Total hydrodynamic resistance (calculation)

Total hydrodynamic resistance (calculation)

<img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' class='avatar avatar-80 photo' height='80' width='80' />

Topics: Advanced | Boat / Yacht | Calculations | Hydrodynamics | Total resistance

Boat Yacht Calculation

<img width="640" height="336" alt="Boat Yacht Calculation" data-srcset="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/yacht-1024x537.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/yacht-300x157.jpg 300w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/yacht-768x402.jpg 768w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/yacht-1080x566.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/yacht-624x327.jpg 624w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/yacht.jpg 1145w" data-src="https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/2021/03/yacht-1024x537.jpg" data-sizes="(max-width:768px) 768px, (max-width:1024px) 1024px, 1024px" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image lazyload" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" /><noscript><img width="640" height="336" src="https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/2021/03/yacht-1024x537.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="Boat Yacht Calculation" sizes="(max-width:768px) 768px, (max-width:1024px) 1024px, 1024px" srcset="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/yacht-1024x537.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/yacht-300x157.jpg 300w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/yacht-768x402.jpg 768w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/yacht-1080x566.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/yacht-624x327.jpg 624w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/yacht.jpg 1145w" />

Total residuary resistance of a boat or yacht (calculation)

Total residuary resistance of a boat or yacht (calculation)

<img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' class='avatar avatar-80 photo' height='80' width='80' />

Topics: Advanced | Boat / Yacht | Calculations | Hydrodynamics | Residuary resistance

Keel Calculation

<img width="640" height="336" alt="Keel Calculation" data-srcset="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-1024x537.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-300x157.jpg 300w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-768x402.jpg 768w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-1080x566.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-624x327.jpg 624w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel.jpg 1145w" data-src="https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/2021/03/keel-1024x537.jpg" data-sizes="(max-width:768px) 768px, (max-width:1024px) 1024px, 1024px" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image lazyload" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" /><noscript><img width="640" height="336" alt="Keel Calculation" data-srcset="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-1024x537.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-300x157.jpg 300w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-768x402.jpg 768w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-1080x566.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-624x327.jpg 624w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel.jpg 1145w" data-src="https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/2021/03/keel-1024x537.jpg" data-sizes="(max-width:768px) 768px, (max-width:1024px) 1024px, 1024px" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image lazyload" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" /><noscript><img width="640" height="336" src="https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/2021/03/keel-1024x537.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="Keel Calculation" sizes="(max-width:768px) 768px, (max-width:1024px) 1024px, 1024px" srcset="https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-1024x537.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-300x157.jpg 300w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-768x402.jpg 768w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-1080x566.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel-624x327.jpg 624w, https://cdn.navalapp.com/uploads/2021/03/keel.jpg 1145w" />

Residuary resistance of the keel upright and heeled (calculation)

Residuary resistance of the keel upright and heeled (calculation)

<img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' data-srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' height='80' width='80' data-src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' class='avatar avatar-80 photo lazyload' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' /><noscript><img alt='' src='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png' srcset='https://navalapp.com/snp-wp-content/uploads/avatars/1/6095006fa126d-bpthumb.png 2x' class='avatar avatar-80 photo' height='80' width='80' />

Topics: Advanced | Calculations | Hydrodynamics | Keel | Residuary resistance